Theodicy, evil, god and heaven
Compatible theodicy
Apparent contradictions
Theodicy, as Leibniz wishes, aims to resolve the apparent contradictions raised by the presence of evil . How to justify the presence of Almighty God and the liveliness of perversion ? How to defend the idea of a benevolent God and the presence of cruelty?
We try, throughout these chapters to answer this question . To achieve this we will first show that a sense of humanity, a line of evolution . A route leading human phenomenon to a time when evil will be gone. A purpose that we call " perfection." To start seeing this excerpt from Plato's republic .
Extract from Plato 's republic
- They would be about them, I say : you have every time undoubtedly return the god as it happens to be, like it is a composition in verse epic, lyric verse, or in a tragedy .
- Yes, you must.
- But the god is really good, and this is what you say it is?
- Of course .
- But none of the good things is harmful. Is not it?
- No, in my opinion.
- And is that which is not harmful at night?
- Not at all.
- And what does not harm, does it have something wrong?
- No more .
- And what produces no evil could not be the cause of any harm ?
- How is that possible?
- But see : what is good is beneficial ?
- Yes .
- So due to good effect ?
- Yes .
- So good is not the cause of all things and is the cause of those that are good, but it is not the cause of pain,
- Yes, absolutely, he said.
- So the god, I say, because it is good, can not be the cause of all things, as stated in the mass of people, it is the cause of a small part of what happens to humans and is not the cause of much . Because good things for us are far fewer than those who are poor, for those who are good, do not look for another cause than himself, while for poor must look for other causes that the god . - You seem to say quite true, he said.
- It must therefore, I say, neither Homer nor accept another poet he commits, lack of reflection or diffuse it, about the gods, the error of believing that
two jars are planted in the threshold of Zeus
sentences destinies, in a happy, bad in the other
and he to whom Zeus gives a mixture of one and the other, sometimes encounter misfortune, and sometimes happiness
while those to whom Instead, it uses the second, without mixing it, poor hunger hunting through the divine land or that Zeus was established our dispenser of good and evil .
God and evil
The omnipotence of "evil" punctuates the progress of our species. This presence seems to question the omnipotence of God. The tenacity of this negative value, contradicts the sense of the world . It spoils the idea of positive development and perfection. She bullied the simple ability of reason to justify itself.
If God is omnipotent, why did he choose a type of evolution including the harm? An evolution incorporating what we call wickedness, cruelty, crime, war? If man is a step forward in the evolution of life, why is it the only species capable of such cruelty towards his fellow man? If "evil" may never be punished and virtue rewarded ever, things have any meaning ? Why man, reached as high degree of intelligence, is not it manages to curb the "evil", his greatest archaism ?
The complexity
Thus, the presence of " scandalous" evil, seems capable of destroying the idea of a God of goodness and love. A generous God to his creatures . Evil also seems able to make us believe that man is evil, corrupt or imperfect. In reality, there is nothing . Because if you look closely the evolution of life * evil turns out to be an essential component of this transformation . It is an absolute necessity.
* And especially the passage of natural primate to man
Evil and paradise
Paradox of a necessary evil and necessarily considered unnecessary to move towards the right.
If humans came from paradise, evil would have the significance that religion gives him. By cons, if we come from a natural primate ( obeying a set of drives that man must frustrate ), then evil becomes an inevitable part of the human-animal transformation. So, the concept of " good and evil becomes occasionally necessary to help our transformation tool . The trouble this time, prevents us more to see the sense of humanity . It is not the sign of the absurdity of the world or the senselessness of human behavior because we can demonstrate its fate and its eminently jurisprudential character . Finally, the evil, the scandal that raises ( or should constantly raise ) helps humanity to consolidate and build good. Suddenly, the being is consistent with the " need to be " evil and not the classical value that is actually.
With the help of Spinoza
If we want to ask of God vis-à -vis the evil must be used by Spinoza's thought and force us to understand the real rather than the desire for our convenience. At this time, the evil becomes point ( during the time of our animal-human transformation ) constructive, punishable essential for the evolution of humanity, it is absolutely unacceptable for a key driver to its own demise and imperatively dissected in order to provide the best solutions .
The Theodice to exonerate God does not need to charge the men. God is not guilty of an animal-human transformation has inevitably evil. Inevitably, to the extent that there is no alternative but to move the evolution of pre- universe quantum vacuum in humans. As for men, they are not guilty of an evolution that has fatally wrong to lead humanity to the good.
How to accept the unacceptable nature of suffering, evil, injustice ?
1 / By becoming aware of our real condition . We are beings with a makeover and not guilty beings (although it is necessary to judge us guilty) .
2 / Being aware of the purpose of humanity. The logic of his destiny.
3 / By becoming aware of the great importance of education, love, equality, justice, mutual aid and compassion .
That, I believe, some answers.
2001
En toute chose, c'est la fin qui est essentiel. Aristote
